{"id":1345,"date":"2021-01-17T11:37:27","date_gmt":"2021-01-17T07:07:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/2021\/?page_id=1345"},"modified":"2021-04-17T11:19:56","modified_gmt":"2021-04-17T06:49:56","slug":"education-professional-life","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/dr-kakar-biography\/education-professional-life\/","title":{"rendered":"Education &#038; Professional Life"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1345\" class=\"elementor elementor-1345\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c173fc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c173fc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d5ad978\" data-id=\"d5ad978\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0fb4577 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0fb4577\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c880738\" data-id=\"c880738\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-211e77f\" data-id=\"211e77f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-328da83 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"328da83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tBiography\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07b6a42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"07b6a42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Education and Professional Life<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dfc0cd elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5dfc0cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd82fe1 elementor-share-buttons--skin-minimal elementor-share-buttons--shape-circle elementor-share-buttons--color-custom 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class=\"elementor-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrint\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef10fdd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef10fdd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f630c01\" data-id=\"f630c01\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-622266d elementor-nav-menu__align-end bio-list elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"622266d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container 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href=\"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/%d8%af-%da%89%d8%a7%da%a9%d9%bc%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%da%98%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%84%db%8c%da%a9\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%db%8c%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%88-%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%84%da%a9%d9%8a-%da%98%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6784\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/%d8%af-%da%89%d8%a7%da%a9%d9%bc%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%da%98%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%84%db%8c%da%a9\/%d8%af-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%d8%a2%d8%ab%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0693 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6786\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/%d8%af-%da%89%d8%a7%da%a9%d9%bc%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%da%98%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%84%db%8c%da%a9\/%d8%af-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b6%d9%88%d8%b9\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0693 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6781\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/%d8%af-%da%89%d8%a7%da%a9%d9%bc%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%d9%85%d8%b1%da%a9%db%90-%d8%a7%d9%88-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u062f \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0693 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6785\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/%d8%af-%da%89%d8%a7%da%a9%d9%bc%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%da%98%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d9%84%db%8c%da%a9\/%d8%af-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%a7%da%a9%da%93-%da%98%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%af-%d9%81%d9%84%d9%85\/\" class=\"elementor-item menu-link\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0693 \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0645<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ebd3e23\" data-id=\"ebd3e23\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d36caef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d36caef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Education<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0901441 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0901441\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0.1px;\">Ph.D. (1975), <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0.1px;\">University of London, U.K. History\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li>M.Phil.(1968), School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, U.K., History<\/li><li>B.A.(1957), Kabul University, Afghanistan. Major in History<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d39efa5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d39efa5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f704a2\" data-id=\"0f704a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e491297\" data-id=\"e491297\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50b7c6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50b7c6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Professional Experience<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43fcd7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43fcd7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>2002: Member, American Institute of Afghanistan Studies, Duke University, North Carolina<\/li><li>1990: Instructor, University of California, San Diego<\/li><li>1989-90: Fellow, East-West Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu<\/li><li>1988-89: Staff and Council Member, Writers Union of Free Afghanistan (WUFA), Peshawar, Pakistan<\/li><li>1987: Professor, Kabul University, Afghanistan<\/li><li>1982-87: See <em><strong><span style=\"color: #4d77f7;\"><a style=\"color: #4d77f7;\" href=\"#nonacademic-experience\">nonacademic experience<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/li><li>1986-82: Professor and Chairman, History Department, Kabul University<\/li><li>1973-76: Visiting Fellow, Center for Middle Eastern Studies, University of Harvard<\/li><li>1971-73: Visiting Fellow, Center for Middle Eastern Studies, University of Princeton<\/li><li>1968-71: Associate Professor, History Department, Kabul University<\/li><li>1961-68: See Education<\/li><li>1957-61: Member, Pashto Academy and editor of Kabul (Journal)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-adced91 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"adced91\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c58d92\" data-id=\"2c58d92\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8501709\" data-id=\"8501709\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36d82e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36d82e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nonacademic-experience\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nonacademic Experiences<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a25cf62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a25cf62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0.1px;\">Member, Afghan Cultural Association, Freemont, California, 1999<\/span><br><\/li>\n<li>Founding member of the Movement for a Representative Government in Afghanistan. Los Angeles, 1990-1994.<\/li>\n<li>Amnesty International \u201cprisoner of conscience\u201d at the Pul-e-Charkhi concentration camp in Kabul, 1982-1987<\/li>\n<li>Co-founder of the Union of Professors and Students of Afghanistan to monitor academic freedom set up secretly following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, 1980-1982<\/li>\n<li>Freelance journalist, researcher and broadcaster in Persian and Pashto for the BBC and Kabul Radio. Included in this series was English For You, a series of 150 lessons in Dari\/Farsi prepared with the cooperation of the BBC for broadcast over the Kabul radio in Afghanistan, 1965-68<\/li>\n<li>Assistant Director, United States Information Service Library, Kabul. Taught also English in courses for Afghan students,1950-1952 <span style=\"white-space:pre\">\t<\/span><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8290804 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8290804\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-058233f\" data-id=\"058233f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-81e2920\" data-id=\"81e2920\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec16df2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ec16df2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Share<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c53f045\" data-id=\"c53f045\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d34abc elementor-share-buttons--view-icon elementor-share-buttons--skin-flat elementor-share-buttons--shape-circle elementor-share-buttons--color-custom elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-1453 elementor-widget-share-buttons\" data-id=\"3d34abc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"share-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_facebook\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-facebook\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_twitter\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-twitter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_linkedin\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-linkedin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_whatsapp\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on whatsapp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_email\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on email\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fas fa-envelope\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biography Education and Professional Life Share on print Print Education Ph.D. (1975), University of London, U.K. History\u00a0 M.Phil.(1968), School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, U.K., History B.A.(1957), Kabul University, Afghanistan. Major in History Professional Experience 2002: Member, American Institute of Afghanistan Studies, Duke University, North Carolina 1990: Instructor, University of California, San [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1337,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1345","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1345"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1345\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kakarfoundation.net\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}